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CHARLES F. MOKENNA, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

-. Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 29, 1919.

No Drawing. Application filed August 22, 1914, Serial No. 858,047. Renewed September 28, 1918. serial To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, CHARLES F. Mo- KENNA, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of the city of New York, borough of Manhattan, county of New York, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Imfprove-.-

ments in Explosives, of which the Howin s a specification.

he ob ect of the invention is to provide an explosive especially useful in agricultural practice by reason of its strength, its

w safe conditions, and the simplicity of its manipulation in the open and shallow operations of suchv applications as distinguished from' quarry, mining and, tunneling oper-.

ations where drill holes are deep and hazards of missed'shots and other accidents are serious. A further object is to provide an explosive which can be readily manufactured at the site of use and shortly before use, thereby avoiding the necessity for storage or transportation of materials in an ex losive condition. v

0 this end the materials are preferably initially carried in two containers; one -container having in finely pulverized form ammonium perchlorate, and the other container holding in liquid form ingredients which are absorbed by the ammonium perchlorate and form with it the complete explosive. The preferred liquid ingredient is a compound consisting of one art of a mix ture ,of nitrated tar oils obtained from the nitration of oils separated from wood tar .by fractional distillation and consisting essentially of hydrocarbons and phenols, with two parts of carbonbisulfid to which is preferably but not necessarily added one part of nitrobenzol one part of dimtrobenzol. Thecompleted Y nite nitro-compounds and dissolved therein 4 explosive is preferably formed at the site of use by adding to seventy-five parts of the ammonium perchlorate twenty-five parts of the mixed ingredient in liquid form as above set forth.

In place of nitrobenzol and dim'trobenzol may be substituted their equivalents as re.- ducing agents in nitrated oils of tar obtained as above described, being the distillate coming off after thepyroligneous acid has been distilled ofi up to the point when a residue of pitch remalns.

These nitrated oils are cheaper than any other nitro-bod known, being made from wood tar whic has so small commercial value that it generallyis burned as a fuel.

As an ingredient of my explosive these nitrated oils serve the pur ose as Well as defiw liich hitherto have been used. They have also the advantage over nitrated oils from coal tar in that coal tar is more costly than wood tar, and also because such oils from coal tar require elaborate preparation before they are in a condition for use.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure 'by Letters Patent of the United States, is-- An explosive consisting of seventy-five parts of ammonium perchlorate, five parts of nitrated oils obtained b nitration of oils separated by fractional dlstillation from wood tar, five parts of nitrobenzol, five parts of dinitrobenzol, and ten parts of carbon bisulfid, substantially as described.

Signed by me at New York, borough of Manhattan, N. Y., this 21st day of August,

CHARLES F. MoKENNA. Witnesses:

A. D. Ganmon, CHARLES F. MCKENNA, Jr. 

